Available for noncombatant military service, age 38 to 44 inclusive. age 38 to 44 inclusive. The Vice-President of the United States, the Judges of the various Courts of the Untied States, the heads of the various executive departments of the Government, and the Governors of the several States. Conscientious objector, available for or assigned to civilian work of national importance, age 38 to 44 inclusive. Considering that everything I know about the WWII draft comes from the movie "It's a Wonderful Life" I'd hoped some of you history buffs or WWII experts might know more. Of those 18-25, 58.2 percent were on active duty. 76, enacted May 18, 1917) authorized the United States federal government to raise a national army for service in World War I through conscription.It was envisioned in December 1916 and brought to President Woodrow Wilson's attention shortly after the break in relations with Germany in February 1917. The only son of aged or infirm parents, or parents dependent upon his labor for support. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. 76–783, 54 Stat. Winter 1994, Vol. 17-29). [7] These letters were an acronym for "Over the hill in October", which meant that the men intended to desert upon the end of their twelve months of duty. listed occupations that were essential to the war effort and stated that those employed in those jobs were exempt from conscription. The only brother of children not twelve years old, having neither father nor mother, dependent upon his labor for support. 885, enacted September 16, 1940, was the first peacetime conscription in United States history. World War 2.0 tries to imagine what the reporting of World War II might have looked like if the conflict were taking place today. Civil War Draft Records: Exemptions and Enrollments. Clergymen, teachers and some classes of industrial worker were not required to join. This article originally appeared in the December 2007 issue of the magazime. Conscription boards handled draft appeals, determined the medical and physical fitness of registrants, and determined the order in which draftees would be called and placed into training centers. These are in addition to those exempted by securing substitutes, or on paying $300 "for the procuration of a substitute. However, some men were exempted from the draft. The first, on 5 June 1917, was Any such person claiming such exemption from combatant training and service because of such conscientious objections whose claim is sustained by the local draft board shall, if he is inducted into the land or naval forces under this Act, be assigned to noncombatant service as defined by the President, or shall if he is found to be conscientiously opposed to participation in such noncombatant service, in lieu of such induction, be assigned to work of national importance under civilian direction. 47–25 in the Senate, with 40 Democrats and 7 Republicans in favor, 13 Democrats, 10 Republicans, and 2 others against. All these positions were pruned during the war, but numeorus people in those jobs tried to volounteer and were turned down, never mind being drafted. There were three main registrations in World War I. "[6] The Senate approved it by a wider margin, and Roosevelt signed the Service Extension Act of 1941 into law on August 18. Where there are two or more sons of aged or infirm parents subject to draft, the father, or, if he be dead, the mother may elect which son shall be exempt. World War II Draft Cards Memorandum Deputy Director Selective Service to State Selective Service Directors, March 15, 1941. Where there are two or more sons of aged or infirm parents subject to draft, the father, or, if he be dead, the mother may elect which son shall be exempt. Desertions did occur, but they were not widespread. Later, when the U.S. entered World War II, all men from their 18th birthday until the day before their 45th birthday were made subject to military service, and all … In September 1940, Congress, by wide margins in both Conscientious objector who would otherwise be in Class I-D or I-E. Conscientious objector separated from work of national importance other than by issuance of a Certificate of Release. John Wayne, World War II and the Draft" John Wayne has been on people’s minds lately. Instead, they led poor men to allege, not for the last time, that they were fighting a rich man’s war. From 1-1-43, men 38 to 44 years old were classified in Class IV-H. Seeking list of draft exemptions in WWI. 3. Available for limited noncombatant military service after correction of defects. Carl Zebrowski is the managing editor of America in WWII. Deferred in support of national health, safety, or interest, age 38 to 44 inclusive. This was the first peacetime draft in United States' history. Acceptable for limited military service, below standards for general military service (Conscientious objector and applicable to ages 18 to 25 only). Deferred student, fit for general military service and available not later than July 1, 1941. Acceptable for military service, age 38 to 44 inclusive. Member of or honorably separated from armed forces of cobelligerent nation, later extended to include registrants separated from American Field Service or Merchant Marine and persons interned by an enemy nation. Men who reached the age of 18 were required to report to their local draft board for classification. "Final Roll-Calls on Draft Bill". World War II Young American Patriots, 1941-1945 World War II Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard Casualties, 1941-1945 World War II Japanese-American Internment Camp Documents, 1942-1946 WWII U.S. Navy Aircraft Carrier Muster Rolls, 1939-1949 U.S. WWII Military Personnel Missing In Action or Lost At Sea, 1941-1946. The draft began in October 1940, with the first men entering military service on November 18. Deferred student, fit for general noncombatant military service. Draft Authorization: Congress and the President. Men with only a wife and no children will be the first in the married-men group to be reclassified to ready-for-war Class I-A status, then men with a wife and only one child, and so forth. Top Answer. By V-J Day, of the 6.2 million men aged 18-37 classified fathers, 20 percent had been inducted. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. Deferred in support of national health, safety, or interest (merged into Class II-B effective 8-31-45). -- We receive frequent inquiries as to the classes of persons who are exempt by law from the operation of the military draft. Grover Cleveland, urbane, sometimes wise, and a future President of the United States, never served in the military during the Civil War. These exemptions did little to bolster either side’s military forces. 1969 - President Nixon orders the "19-year-old draft": if a young man is not drafted at age 19, he will be exempt from future military service except in the event of war or national emergency. 232–124 in the House, with 186 Democrats and 46 Republicans in favor, 32 Democrats, 88 Republicans, and 4 others against. This Selective Service Act required that men who had reached their 21st birthday but had not yet reached their 36th birthday register with local draft boards. Available for noncombatant limited military service (Conscientious objector). II-A previously found qualified for limited military service. Conscientious objector available for limited noncombatant military service. II-B previously rejected for military service. Questioning men at induction centers about their sexuality began during World War II, as detailed by Allan Bérubé in his groundbreaking book, Coming Out under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War II (University of North Carolina Press, 1990). Deferred, aged 28 and over (men who had attained the 28th anniversary of the date of their birth on or before July 1, 1941, or on the 1st day of July of any subsequent year, and were therefore, not acceptable to the armed forces). Deferred for dependency reasons. By Michael T. Meier. issuing exemptions for certain draftee family situations. In the UK, the draft was introduced on two occasions, during World War One and World War Two, while the US kept the draft until 1973. After the United States entered World War II, amendments to the Selective Training and Service Act on December 20, 1941, made all men between the ages of 20 and 44 liable for military service, and required all men between the ages of 18 and 64 to register. Deferred for dependency reasons (re-established 11-15-45). Any registrant, whether a national of the United States or an alien who because of his nationality or ancestry was within a class of persons not acceptable to armed forces or to Director of Selective Service for work of national importance, age 38 to 44 inclusive. Nothing contained in this Act shall be constructed to require any person to be subject to combatant training and service in the land and naval forces of the United States who, by reason of religious training and belief, is conscientiously opposed to participation in war in any form. Many of these men painted the letters "O H I O" on the walls of their barracks in protest. By Feb. 12, 1943, in order to get deferment, the farmer had to raise at least 10 animal units. Acceptable for limited military service, below standards for general military service. By May 12, 1943, the farmer had to have at least 12 animal units. II-C previously found qualified for limited military service. Deferred both by reason of dependency and occupation essential to the war effort, age 38 to 44 inclusive. Favors Conscription But Woodring Is Opposed", Truman Library – Karl R. Bendetsen Oral History, October 24, 1972, Military history of the United States during World War II, Springwood birthplace, home, and gravesite, Little White House, Warm Springs, Georgia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&oldid=991001555, United States federal defense and national security legislation, United States home front during World War II, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Section 5 (g) of the Act contained a provision for conscientious objection:[3]. 7. Deferred by reason of extreme hardship and privation to wife, child, or parent, age 38 to 44 inclusive. The only son liable to military duty of a widow dependent upon his labor for support. 2. The Draft and College Deferments During most of the Vietnam War the draft operated under procedures similar to those used in World War I1 and the Korean War (National Advisory Commission on Selective Service, 1967 pp. Conscientious objector separated from work of national importance by issuance of a Certificate of Release. During World War II there were seven draft registrations: October 16, 1940 - all men 21-31 years residing in the U.S. - whether native born, naturalized, or alien July 1, 1941 - men who reached age 21 since the first registration Official Correspondence Outlining Exemption of Merchant Marine Personnel from the Selective Service Act (Draft) During World War II. A reappearance of the old IV-A, this time for men deferred by reason of age. Deferred both by reason of dependency and by agricultural occupation. Class III: Deferred because of dependency, Class IV: Unacceptable for military service. Rejected for military service, physical, mental, or moral reasons, and age 38 to 44 inclusive. Discharged (honorably) from the armed forces. Available for military service after correction of defects. From 11-18-42 to 10-5-44, men 45 and older were classified in Class IV-A. ", See the article in its original context from. Police officers, firemen, farmers and numeorus others were exempt to some degree simply bacuase the country couldn’t do without them. If both a farmer and his son lived on the farm together, 16 animal units were required for the man to obtain deferment. 1. See Answer. On September 16, 1940, the United States instituted the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, which required all men between the ages of 21 and 45 to register for the draft. 4 | Genealogy Notes. The latter class was eliminated on 3-6-43 with the introduction of the "(H)" identifier. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941, millions of American men entered the United States military's ranks both by volunteering and by conscription. Exemption for certain aliens [aliens not on permanent resident status who have not remained in the United States for more than one year; resident aliens who leave the USA; resident aliens granted relief from liability for military service] Man who had completed service. 885, enacted September 16, 1940,[1] was the first peacetime conscription in United States history. 6. Articles are based on information that would have been available to the press at the time, but they are written using contemporary journalistic style. This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. And be it further enacted, That the following persons be and they are hereby excepted and exempt from the provisions of this act, and shall not be liable to military duty under the same, to wit[???] Enlisted or inducted member of armed forces, age 38 to 44 inclusive. The Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, also known as the Burke–Wadsworth Act, Pub.L. Draftees were selected by national lottery. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. Deferred student, fit for limited military service and available not later than July 1, 1941. Deferred both by reason of dependency and by agricultural occupation, age 38 to 44 inclusive. Burke-Wadsworth Selective Training and Service Act, This page was last edited on 27 November 2020, at 19:04. Exemptions were given to members of the clergy, those determined to be physically or psychologically unfit to serve, ... What is draft in World War 2? Available for noncombatant military service after correction of defects (Conscientious objector). Deferred student, fit for limited noncombatant military service. The terminal point of service was extended to the duration of the conflict plus six months. 203–202, with 182 Democrats and 21 Republicans in favor, 65 Democrats, 133 Republicans, and four others against. 5. The draft had produced a military that could not only stand up to Germany and Japan, but could decisively defeat them. The U.S. officially entered World War II on 8 December 1941 following an attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. In 1948, in order to safeguard the only remaining sons of families that had lost other children during World War II, the United States passed a law that exempted sole surviving sons from the draft. Return to text. World War II was the only period in which the draft did not offer middle‐ and upper‐class men legal means for avoiding conscription through https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/selective_service_act The act provided that not more than 900,000 men were to be in training at any one time. 26, No. Another amendment signed on November 13, 1942, made the registered 18- and 19-year-olds liable for military service. https://www.nytimes.com/1863/07/20/archives/who-are-exempt-from-the-draft.html. 4. Deferred in agriculture, age 38 to 44 inclusive. He was healthy, of the appropriate age, and educated. The registered individuals in each district were then checked by their local draft board for eligibility (the choicest being “I-A”), with allowances made for physical disabilities (IV-F), education, work in important war industries (II-A), men who were the primary support for children not their own and certain other dependents (III-A) or conscientious objectors (who were usually redirected to noncombatant … Such as are rejected as physically or mentally unfit for the service; also. By war’s end some 35 million men had registered and 10 million were drafted. The father of motherless children under twelve years of age dependent upon his labor for support. So, in my family history research, I've been a little disappointed to not find any soldiers & sailors who served our country in times of war--not WWII, WWI, or The Civil War. 3. The first peacetime conscription in the United States, the act required all American men between the ages of 21 and 36 to register for the draft. As the war carries on, if or when the pool of single men runs out, married men will begin to be drafted according to their family responsibilities. Deferred by reason of extreme hardship and privation to wife, child, or parent. Deferred both by reason of dependency and occupation essential to the war effort. Rejected for military service, physical, mental, or moral reasons. Conscientious objector, available for or assigned to civilian work of national importance. An Act to provide for the common defense by increasing the personnel of the armed forces of the United States and providing for its training. Resisting the Draft during the Vietnam War (Viking, 1991). On November 11, 1942, Congress approves lowering the draft age to 18 and raising the upper limit to age 37. This Selective Service Act required that men who had reached their 21st birthday but had not yet reached their 36th birthday register with local draft boards. Available for noncombatant military service (. The Confederacy also exempted one white man on a plantation for every 20 slaves in an attempt to stave off potential slave revolts. 2. On 10-5-44, the "(H)" identifier was eliminated, except for men already in the armed forces, and those men so classified were ordered reclassified into Class IV-A. Where there are a father and sons in the same household, and two of them are in the military service of the United States as non-commissioned officers, musicians or privates, the residue of such family and household, not exceeding two, shall be exempt, and no persons but such as are herein exempted shall be exempt: Provided, however, that no person who has been convicted of any felony shall be enrolled or permitted to serve in said forces. Deferred in war production, age 38 to 44 inclusive. On August 12, the United States House of Representatives approved the extension by a single vote;[4] Roosevelt's former Secretary of War Harry Woodring was among those opposed, writing to Senator Arthur Vandenberg that voluntary enlistment had not been fully tried. Dock Workers Miners Farmers Scientists Merchant Seamen Railway Workers Utility Workers - Water, Gas, Electricity Public official deferred by law, age 38 to 44 inclusive. A national emergency, exceeding the Department of Defense’s capability to recruit and retain its total force strength, requires Congress to amend the Military Selective Service Act to authorize the President to induct personnel into the Armed Forces. Conscription in the United States, commonly known as the draft, has been employed by the federal government of the United States in six conflicts: the American Revolutionary War, the American Civil War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War.The fourth incarnation of the draft came into being in 1940 through the Selective Training and Service Act. On 7-6-45, the regulations governing Class IV-A were simplified to include all men 38 and older. "Fathers" in this particular case demonstrated by Tuttle include those whose children were conceived when their fathers were on leave. Minister of religion or divinity student, age 38 to 44 inclusive. The Selective Service Act of 1917 or Selective Draft Act (Pub.L. By the early summer of 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked the U.S. Congress to extend the term of duty for the draftees beyond twelve months to a total of thirty months, plus any additional time that he could deem necessary for national security. Minister of religion or divinity student. Ashley Farmer Jul 18, 2019 3:26 PM. Conscientious objector, under 26 years of age, acceptable under lowered physical standards for work of national importance. Asked by Wiki User. I suppose that depends on the country. The shortest and most satisfactory way of answering them is by publishing the following section of the law: SECTION 2. [5] As Under Secretary of the Army Karl R. Bendetsen said in an oral history interview, "Mr. Rayburn banged the gavel at a critical moment and declared the Bill had passed. Inductees had to remain in the Western Hemisphere or in United States possessions or territories located in other parts of the world. 65–12, 40 Stat. "House Vote on Draft Bill", "F.D.R. Conscientious objector available for limited service in civilian work of national importance. Overview of What Would Occur if the United States Returned to a Draft: 1. I have found a WWI registration card in which the man who is registering requests exemption from the draft. II-B previously found qualified for limited military service. The Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra was exempted from Military service in WWII. The Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, also known as the Burke–Wadsworth Act, Pub.L. This classification was applicable in time of peace only, and on 12-11-41, local boards were ordered to reclassify all men in this class. I. 76–783, 54 Stat. Many of the soldiers drafted in October 1940 threatened to desert once the original twelve months of their service was up. The Draft and WWII. 5. If drafted, a man served on active duty for 12 months, and then in a reserve component for 10 years or until he reached the age of 45, whichever came first. Reconstructed for enemy alien not acceptable to armed forces and certain neutral aliens. Conscientious objector, deferred by reason of being 28 and over. Just about a year before that, in October 1940, President Roosevelt had signed into law the first peacetime selective service draft in U.S. history, due to rising world conflicts. II-A previously rejected for military service. Later, when the U.S. entered World War II, all men from their 18th birthday until the day before their 45th birthday were made subject to military service, and all men from their 18th birthday until the day before their 65th birthday were required to register.[2]. II-C previously rejected for military service. These roles were described as ‘Scheduled (or reserved) Occupations’ and included coal miners, doctors, and those working in the iron and steel industries which produced vital ammunition and equipment for the war. 4. Acceptable for limited military service after correction of defects. 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